Is the installation of a Surge Protective Device (SPD) in a building mandatory?

The requirement to install an SPD depends on the Risk Assessment carried out. For information, the Risk Assessment for SPD is a further stage following the Risk Assessment for the LPS.

Is the use of non-conventional lightning protection systems such as Early Steamer Emission (ESE), Charge Transfer System (CTS), and others permitted? If a building category is not listed, does this mean that building does not need to comply with this Directive? If a building category is not listed, does this mean that building does not need to comply with this Directive? Is the use of non-conventional lightning protection systems such as Early Steamer Emission (ESE), Charge Transfer System (CTS), and others permitted?

Lightning Protection System